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161.
The signature of a system with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) component lifetimes is a vector whose ith element is the probability that the ith component failure is fatal to the system. System signatures have been found to be quite useful tools in the study and comparison of engineered systems. In this article, the theory of system signatures is extended to versions of signatures applicable in dynamic reliability settings. It is shown that, when a working used system is inspected at time t and it is noted that precisely k failures have occurred, the vector s [0,1]n‐k whose jth element is the probability that the (k + j)th component failure is fatal to the system, for j = 1,2,2026;,n ‐ k, is a distribution‐free measure of the design of the residual system. Next, known representation and preservation theorems for system signatures are generalized to dynamic versions. Two additional applications of dynamic signatures are studied in detail. The well‐known “new better than used” (NBU) property of aging systems is extended to a uniform (UNBU) version, which compares systems when new and when used, conditional on the known number of failures. Sufficient conditions are given for a system to have the UNBU property. The application of dynamic signatures to the engineering practice of “burn‐in” is also treated. Specifically, we consider the comparison of new systems with working used systems burned‐in to a given ordered component failure time. In a reliability economics framework, we illustrate how one might compare a new system to one successfully burned‐in to the kth component failure, and we identify circumstances in which burn‐in is inferior (or is superior) to the fielding of a new system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009 相似文献
162.
离子束加工误差对散射损失的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
离子束加工(Ion Beam Figuring,IBF)去除函数对加工残差具有重要的影响,而加工残差引起的表面散射则导致光学性能发生变化.为了减小加工残差对光学性能的影响,利用基于CCOS成形原理的离子束加工仿真程序对光学镜面进行修形,分析不同去除函数宽度对散射损失(Ratio of Scattering Loss,RSL)指标的影响.通过研究可知,随着去除函数宽度的减小,加工残差对散射损失的影响越来越小.因此,根据加工残差对RSL指标的影响程度以及RSL指标要求,可以合理选择去除函数宽度,从而在满足面形精度的同时,优化加工工艺. 相似文献
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164.
《防务技术》2020,16(6):1167-1187
The load-carrying capacities and failure patterns of reinforced concrete components can be significantly changed by membrane effects. However, limited work has been carried out to investigate the blast resistance of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (HFR-LWC) members accompanying membrane action. This paper presents a theoretical approach to quantitatively depicting the membrane behavior and its contribution on the behavior of HFR-LWC beams under close-range blast loadings, and the suitability of the proposed model is validated by a series of field tests. An improved Single-Degree-of-Freedom (SDOF) model was employed to describe the dynamic responses of beam-like members under blast loadings accompanying membrane action, where the mass-load coefficient is determined according to the nonuniformly distributed load induced by close-range explosion, and the membrane action is characterized by an in-plane (longitudinal) force and a resisting moment. The elasto-plastic and recovery responses of HFR-LWC beams under the combined action of blast load and membrane force were analyzed by the promoted model. A specially built end-constrain clamp was developed to provide membrane action for the beam member when they are subjected to blast load simultaneously. It is demonstrated that the analytical displacement-time histories are in good agreement with experimental results before peak deflections and that the improved SDOF model is an acceptable tool for predicting the behavior of HFR-LWC beams under blast loadings accompanying membrane action. 相似文献
165.
为选出合适的辅助离子源进行沉积制备c-BN薄膜,通过对高能和低能辅助镀膜离子源的重要性能进行比较研究之后,在单晶Si基体进行应用制备立方氮化硼薄膜,用红外光谱(FTIR)及光电子能谱(XPS)分析技术,对不同辅助离子源制备沉积的薄膜,进行比较表征,得出结论:低能辅助镀膜离子源,比高能辅助镀膜离子源更适用于制备立方氮化硼薄膜。 相似文献
166.
孙大军 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2010,26(3):55-57
在分析公安边防部队基层干部监督的特点及现状的基础上,构建以党内监督、行政监督、群众监督、新闻舆论监督、法制监督、自我监督为主体,相互协调、相互促进的公安边防部队基层干部"六结合"监督模式。 相似文献
167.
168.